a. PTHH:

\(Zn+H_2SO_4--->ZnSO_4+H_2\)

\(Cu+H_2SO_4--\times-->\)

b. Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{_{ }Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%_{m_{Zn}}=\dfrac{6,5}{10,5}.100\%=61,9\%\)

\(\%_{m_{Cu}}=100\%-61,9\%=31,8\%\)

\(Zn + H_2SO_4 \rightarrow ZnSO_4 + H_2\)

Cu không phản ứng H₂SO₄ loãng nhé

\(n_{H_2}= \dfrac{2,24}{22,4}= 0,1 mol\)

Theo PTHH:

\(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}= 0,1 mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}= 0,1 . 65= 6,5 g\)

\(\Rightarrow\)%m_Zn=\(\dfrac{6,5}{10,5} . 100\)%~ 61,9%

\(\Rightarrow\)%m_Cu= 100% - 61,9%=38,1 %

\(a.Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ b.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{10,5}.100=61,9\%\\ \%m_{Cu}=100-61,9=38,1\%\)

a, Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

2Al + 3H₂SO₄ ---> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

a---->1,5a--------------------------->1,5a

Mg + H₂SO₄ ---> MgSO₄ + H₂

b------>b----------------------->b

Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=6,3\\1,5a+b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{6,3}=42,86\%\\\%m_{Mg}=100\%-42,86\%=57,14\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.1,5+0,15=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(l\right)=600\left(ml\right)\)

c, đề yêu cầu jv?

nSO2= 0,4(mol)

Đặt: nAl=a(mol); nMg=b(mol)  (a,b>0)

PTHH: 2 Al + 6 H2SO4(đ) -to-> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 SO2 + 6 H2O

a____________3a______0,5a___________1,5a(mol)

Mg + 2 H2SO4(đ) -to-> MgSO4 + SO2 + 2 H2O

b_____2b________b________b(mol)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=7,8\\1,5a+b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mMg=0,1.24=2,4(g)

=>%mMg=(2,4/7,8).100=30,769%

=> %mAl= 69,231%

\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{8,4}{22,4}=0,375\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(2Al+6H_2SO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2+6H_2O\\ Mg+2H_2SO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}MgSO_4+SO_2+2H_2O\)

Đặt \(n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=7,65\\1,5a+b=0,375\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,15\\b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.0,15}{7,65}.100\%=52,94\%\\ \%m_{Mg}=100\%-52,94\%=47,06\%\)

.

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05mol\)

\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

0,05                                     0,05      ( mol )

( Cu không tác dụng với dd axit H₂SO₄ loãng )

\(m_{Mg}=0,05.24=1,2g\)

\(\rightarrow m_{Cu}=8-1,2=6,8g\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{1,2}{8}.200=15\%\\\%m_{Cu}=100\%-15\%=85\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Sửa đề : 13.9 (g) 

\(n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m=27a+56b=13.9\left(1\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7.84}{22.4}=0.35\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(n_{H_2}=1.5a+b=0.35\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.1,b=0.2\)

\(\%Al=\dfrac{0.1\cdot27}{13.9}\cdot100\%=19.42\%\)

\(\%Fe=100-19.42=80.58\%\)

a. PTHH:

Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl₂ + H₂ (1)

Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl₂ + H₂ (2)

b. Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol của Fe và Mg

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT₍₁₎: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT₍₂₎: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=y\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y=0,25\) (*)

Theo đề, ta lại có: 56x + 24y = 8,25 (**)

Từ (*) và (**), ta có HPT:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,25\\56x+24y=8,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\approx0,07\\y\approx0,18\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(m_{Fe}=0,07.56=3,92\left(g\right)\)

=> \(\%_{m_{Fe}}=\dfrac{3,92}{8,25}.100\%=47,52\%\)

\(\%_{m_{Mg}}=100\%-47,52\%=52,48\%\)